Yutyrannus huali
读音： YOO-tie-RAN-us hoo-AH-lee
Coelurosauria
A large early tyrannosauroid from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning, China, covered in long filament-like feathers. At about a tonne and a half it is the largest dinosaur with direct evidence of feathers.
- Feathered
- Bipedal
- Giant
- Exceptional preservation
- 时代
- 白垩纪· 巴雷姆阶
- 食性
- 肉食性
- 体长
- 9 m
- 体重
- 1,410 kg
- 地点
- Liaoning, China, Asia
快速问答
- Yutyrannus huali有多大？
- Yutyrannus huali体长约9 m。髋部高约1.9–2.3 m。体重约1.4 t。 (Wikipedia: Yutyrannus 2026; Paul 2016)
- Yutyrannus huali生活在什么时候？
- Yutyrannus huali生活在早白垩世，约1.258亿至1.196亿年前。 (Paleobiology Database: Yutyrannus occurrences 2026)
- 在哪里发现过Yutyrannus huali的化石？
- Yutyrannus huali的化石发现于Yixian Formation (Liaoning)和China。 (Xu et al. 2012; Paleobiology Database: Yutyrannus occurrences 2026)
- Yutyrannus huali吃什么？
- Yutyrannus huali是肉食性。 (Xu et al. 2012; Paleobiology Database: Yutyrannus occurrences 2026)
- Yutyrannus huali由谁命名，何时命名？
- Yutyrannus huali由Xu Xing et al.于2012年描述。 (Xu et al. 2012; Paleobiology Database: Yutyrannus occurrences 2026)
本页内容
YOO-tie-RAN-us hoo-AH-lee
- 时代
- 白垩纪125.8–119.6 Ma
- 食性
- 肉食性
- 体长
- 9 m
- 体重
- 1.4 t
- 产地
- China, Asia
- 分类
- Coelurosauria
- 命名
- 2012, Xu Xing et al.
概览
此内容目前仅提供英文版。
Yutyrannus huali lived in north-eastern China in the Early Cretaceous, in the Yixian Formation of Liaoning. Xu Xing and colleagues named it in 2012 from three nearly complete skeletons of two growth stages, said to come from a quarry near Batuyingzi, Beipiao.
It was a primitive relative of Tyrannosaurus, with a skull like later tyrannosauroids but three fingers on each hand. All three skeletons show long, simple filamentous feathers, up to about 20 cm long, on several parts of the body.
It was the first direct evidence that a gigantic dinosaur was extensively feathered, which opened the question of whether later giant tyrannosaurs such as T. rex also had feathers. The Yixian climate is reconstructed as relatively cool, which may have favoured an insulating coat.
名称含义
"Beautiful feathered tyrant", from Mandarin yǔ ("feather") and Greek tyrannos ("tyrant"), with huáli ("beautiful") for the plumage (Xu et al. 2012).
生物学与证据
科学家对这种动物生活方式的看法，以及每种观点的证据有多充分。
羽毛
Yutyrannus was covered in long, filament-like feathers.
证据等级：直接证据Feathers are preserved on several parts of all three skeletons, the first direct evidence of an extensively feathered giant dinosaur.
支持 / 反对证据 · 1
支持证据
羽毛印痕 · Yutyrannus filamentous feathers
Long filamentous feathers preserved on the three skeletons, up to about 20 cm long.
标本： ZCDM V5000
新陈代谢
The feathers of Yutyrannus helped it keep warm in a cool climate.
证据等级：假说The Yixian climate is reconstructed as relatively cool; insulation is one possible function of the feathers, display is another.
支持 / 反对证据 · 1
支持证据
羽毛印痕 · Yutyrannus filamentous feathers
Long filamentous feathers preserved on the three skeletons, up to about 20 cm long.
标本： ZCDM V5000
其他
Yutyrannus was an early relative of the tyrannosaurids.
证据等级：有力证据Its skull resembles later tyrannosaurs, but its three-fingered hand and ordinary foot are primitive.
支持 / 反对证据 · 1
支持证据
比较解剖学 · Yutyrannus skull and hand anatomy
Skull features shared with derived tyrannosauroids, with a three-fingered hand like basal tyrannosauroids.
标本： ZCDM V5000
体型
- 体长
- 9 m
- 身高
- 2.1 m文献范围 1.9–2.3 m
- 体重
- 1,410 kg
（29.5 英尺）
依据 ZCDM V5000
（6.9 英尺）
依据 ZCDM V5000 (femur c. 0.85 m)
依据 ZCDM V5000
时间线
时代： 巴雷姆阶 (125.8–121.4 Ma), 阿普特阶 (121.4–113 Ma), 早白垩世 (145–100.5 Ma)
Late Barremian-early Aptian bounds of the type collection in PBDB.
产地
地层
- Yixian Formation · Liaoning
- Near Batuyingzi, Beipiao, Liaoning (Yixian Formation) · Yixian Formation · Liaoning · 位置为近似值
这些是发现化石的地点，而不是该动物生活的全部范围。
生态系统
生活于： Jehol Biota
135–121 百万年前 · 湖泊, 沼泽 / 湿地, 森林
Early Cretaceous wetlands and lakes of north-eastern China with seasonal rainfall and frequent volcanic eruptions; ash falls into anoxic lakes preserved feathers and soft tissue.
分类
- 演化支Dinosauria
- 演化支Saurischia
- 演化支Theropoda
- 演化支Coelurosauria
- 总科Tyrannosauroidea
- 属Yutyrannus
- 种Yutyrannus huali
分类地位： 有效
化石记录
| 编号 | 类型 | 收藏机构 | 发现年份 |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZCDM V5000 | 正模标本 | Zhucheng Dinosaur Museum (ZCDM) | — |
已发现的部分
正模标本: ZCDM V5000
- 保存
- 部分保存
- 复原
- 未知 / 未记录
按部位查看（表格）
| 部位 | 状态 |
|---|---|
| Skull | 保存 |
| Mandible | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Teeth | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Cervical vertebrae | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Dorsal vertebrae | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Sacrum | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Caudal vertebrae | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Ribs | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Gastralia | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Scapula / shoulder girdle | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Humerus | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Forearm (radius / ulna) | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Hand (manus) | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Pelvis | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Femur | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Tibia / fibula | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Foot (pes) | 未知 / 未记录 |
发现
- 命名年份
- 2012
- 命名者
- Xu Xing et al.
- 模式标本
- ZCDM V5000
发现时间线
2012 · 正式命名
Xu et al. name Yutyrannus huali
A gigantic feathered tyrannosauroid is described in Nature from three skeletons.
人物：Xu Xing
参考文献
- (2026). Paleobiology Database: Yutyrannus occurrences. The Paleobiology Database (paleobiodb.org), data service 1.2, accessed 2026-09-23. https://paleobiodb.org/data1.2/occs/list.txt?base_name=Yutyrannus&show=coords,paleoloc,strat,loc,ref&pgm=gplates（在新标签页中打开）
- (2026). Wikipedia: Yutyrannus. Wikipedia (English), accessed 2026-09-23. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yutyrannus（在新标签页中打开）
- Paul, G. S. (2016). The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs (2nd edition). Princeton University Press.
- Xu, X., Wang, K., Zhang, K., Ma, Q., Xing, L., Sullivan, C., Hu, D., Cheng, S. & Wang, S. (2012). A gigantic feathered dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of China. Nature 484: 92-95. doi:10.1038/nature10906（在新标签页中打开）