DinoDex
Feathered, long-legged Oviraptor with a short toothless beak walking to the left
Life restoration of Oviraptor philoceratops from the Djadokhta Formation of Mongolia, shown fully feathered.图片来源：PaleoNeolitic, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsCC BY 4.0来源（在新标签页中打开）

Oviraptor philoceratops

读音： OH-vih-RAP-tor fil-oh-SERR-ah-tops

Maniraptora · Oviraptoridae

The "egg thief", a beaked, feathered theropod from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia, found in 1923 lying on a nest of eggs. Later finds showed the nest was its own: it was brooding, not stealing.

  • Bipedal
  • Feathered
  • Eggs known
  • Famous specimen
对比
时代
白垩纪· 坎潘阶
食性
杂食性
体长
1.6–2 m
体重
33–40 kg
地点
Ömnögovi Province, Mongolia, Asia

快速问答

Oviraptor philoceratops有多大？
Oviraptor philoceratops体长约1.6–2 m。髋部高约0.7–0.9 m。体重约33–40 kg。 (Wikipedia: Oviraptor 2026; Paul 2016)
Oviraptor philoceratops生活在什么时候？
Oviraptor philoceratops生活在晚白垩世，约7500万至7100万年前。 (Paleobiology Database: Oviraptor philoceratop… 2026; Dashzeveg et al. 2005)
在哪里发现过Oviraptor philoceratops的化石？
Oviraptor philoceratops的化石发现于Djadokhta Formation (Ömnögovi Province)和Mongolia。 (Osborn 1924; Norell et al. 1994)
Oviraptor philoceratops吃什么？
Oviraptor philoceratops是杂食性。 (Osborn 1924; Norell et al. 1994)
Oviraptor philoceratops由谁命名，何时命名？
Oviraptor philoceratops由Henry Fairfield Osborn于1924年描述。 (Osborn 1924; Paleobiology Database: Oviraptor philoceratop… 2026)

本页内容

时代
白垩纪75–71 Ma
食性
杂食性
体长
1.6–2 m
体重
0–0 t
产地
Mongolia, Asia
分类
Maniraptora · Oviraptoridae
命名
1924, Henry Fairfield Osborn

概览

此内容目前仅提供英文版。

Oviraptor philoceratops lived among the dunes of the Djadokhta Formation of Mongolia in the Late Cretaceous. The American Museum's Central Asiatic Expedition found its only skeleton at the Flaming Cliffs in 1923, lying over a nest of about fifteen eggs, and Henry Fairfield Osborn named it in 1924.

Osborn thought the eggs belonged to Protoceratops and named it "egg thief, fond of ceratopsians", while warning that the name might be misleading. In 1994 an oviraptorid embryo was found inside the same type of egg, and in 1995 a related oviraptorid was found sitting on its nest like a brooding bird (Norell et al. 1994, 1995). The type Oviraptor was most likely a parent that died brooding its own eggs.

It was a small, toothless theropod, about 1.6 to 2 m long, with a deep beak, long arms with three clawed fingers and, like its relatives, feathers. The holotype skull is badly crushed, but related oviraptorids suggest a crest.

名称含义

"Egg seizer" or "egg thief", from Latin ovum and raptor; philoceratops, "fond of ceratopsians", for the eggs once thought to be Protoceratops's (Osborn 1924).

生物学与证据

科学家对这种动物生活方式的看法，以及每种观点的证据有多充分。

筑巢

  • The Oviraptor holotype died brooding its own nest.

    证据等级：有力证据

    An oviraptorid embryo in the same type of egg and relatives found sitting on nests show the eggs were its own.

    支持 / 反对证据 · 2
    支持证据

    • 标本 · Oviraptorid embryo in a Flaming Cliffs-type egg

      An oviraptorid embryo inside an egg of the type found under the Oviraptor holotype in 1923.

    • 标本 · Oviraptorid preserved brooding its nest

      An oviraptorid skeleton sitting on its nest in a bird-like brooding posture.

Nest of elongate eggs (AMNH FR 6508) at the American Museum of Natural History, of the kind first attributed to Protoceratops and later shown to be oviraptorid.图片来源：Steve Starer from Commack NY, USA, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons, American Museum of Natural HistoryCC BY 2.0来源（在新标签页中打开）

体型

体长
1.6–2 m

（6.6 英尺）

依据 AMNH 6517

身高
0.8 m文献范围 0.7–0.9 m

（2.6 英尺）

体重
33–40 kg

依据 AMNH 6517

Oviraptor philoceratops 体长约 2 米（6.6 英尺），约为身高 1.8 米的成年人的 1.1 倍。

时间线

生活在约 75 至 71 百万年前（Ma），属于中生代（252–66 Ma）。

时代： 坎潘阶 (83.6–72.1 Ma), 晚白垩世 (100.5–66 Ma)

Djadokhta Formation, about 75-71 Ma: magnetostratigraphy suggests, without clearly establishing, deposition during the late Campanian polarity changes (Dashzeveg et al. 2005). PBDB bins the type collection in the late Campanian (83.6-72.2 Ma).

产地

地层

地图数据：Natural Earth（公有领域）。显示的是现代位置，而非当时大陆的位置。

这些是发现化石的地点，而不是该动物生活的全部范围。

生态系统

生活于： Djadokhta

75–71 百万年前 · 沙漠 / 沙丘, 其他

An arid landscape of sand dunes and interdune areas in the Late Cretaceous Gobi, with occasional water. Sandslides and dune collapses buried animals alive, preserving articulated skeletons and nests.

同一生态系统

Velociraptor mongoliensis

白垩纪· 坎潘阶肉食性

同一生态系统

Protoceratops andrewsi

白垩纪· 坎潘阶植食性

分类

  1. 演化支Dinosauria
  2. 演化支Saurischia
  3. 演化支Theropoda
  4. 演化支Coelurosauria
  5. 演化支Maniraptora
  6. 下目Oviraptorosauria
  7. 科Oviraptoridae
  8. 属Oviraptor
  9. 种Oviraptor philoceratops

分类地位： 有效

化石记录

The Oviraptor philoceratops holotype AMNH 6517 as figured in Edwin H. Colbert's The Dinosaur Book (1951).图片来源：Internet Archive Book Images (from Colbert, The Dinosaur Book, 1951), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons, American Museum of Natural History公有领域来源（在新标签页中打开）
标本
编号类型收藏机构发现年份
AMNH 6517正模标本American Museum of Natural History (AMNH)1923

已发现的部分

正模标本: AMNH 6517

  • 保存
  • 部分保存
  • 复原
  • 未知 / 未记录
按部位查看（表格）
正模标本: AMNH 6517 的骨骼部位
部位状态
Skull部分保存 · Badly crushed.
Mandible未知 / 未记录
Teeth未知 / 未记录
Cervical vertebrae部分保存
Dorsal vertebrae部分保存
Sacrum未知 / 未记录
Caudal vertebrae未知 / 未记录
Ribs部分保存
Gastralia未知 / 未记录
Scapula / shoulder girdle保存 · With the furcula.
Humerus未知 / 未记录
Forearm (radius / ulna)保存
Hand (manus)部分保存
Pelvis部分保存 · Left ilium.
Femur未知 / 未记录
Tibia / fibula未知 / 未记录
Foot (pes)未知 / 未记录
Skeletal reconstruction of Oviraptor philoceratops, with missing parts based on Citipati osmolskae.图片来源：Iofry, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons (unmodified except resizing)CC BY-SA 4.0（未修改）来源（在新标签页中打开）

全部标本

发现

命名年份
1924
命名者
Henry Fairfield Osborn
模式标本
AMNH 6517
American Museum of Natural History display asking which dinosaur laid the Flaming Cliffs eggs, the question behind the name Oviraptor ('egg thief').图片来源：Ryan Somma, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons (unmodified except resizing), American Museum of Natural HistoryCC BY-SA 2.0（未修改）来源（在新标签页中打开）

发现时间线

  1. 1923 · 首次发现材料

    Oviraptor found on a nest at the Flaming Cliffs

    The Central Asiatic Expedition finds a skeleton lying over a nest of eggs.

    人物：Roy Chapman Andrews

  2. 1924 · 正式命名

    Osborn names Oviraptor philoceratops

    Named with Velociraptor and Saurornithoides; the "egg thief".

    人物：Henry Fairfield Osborn

  3. 1994 · 修订

    Oviraptorid embryo identifies the Flaming Cliffs eggs

    Norell and colleagues show the eggs are oviraptorid, not Protoceratops.

    人物：Mark A. Norell, James M. Clark

参考文献

  1. (2026). Paleobiology Database: Oviraptor philoceratops occurrence 1244254 (collection 46152). The Paleobiology Database (paleobiodb.org), data service 1.2, accessed 2026-09-23. https://paleobiodb.org/data1.2/colls/list.json?coll_id=46152&show=paleoloc,strat,loc,ref,geo&pgm=gplates&vocab=pbdb（在新标签页中打开）
  2. (2026). Wikipedia: Oviraptor. Wikipedia (English), accessed 2026-09-24. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oviraptor（在新标签页中打开）
  3. Dashzeveg, D., Dingus, L., Loope, D. B., Swisher, C. C., III, Dulam, T. & Sweeney, M. R. (2005). New stratigraphic subdivision, depositional environment, and age estimate for the Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta Formation, southern Ulan Nur Basin, Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 3498: 1-31. https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/0df4baac-12e4-44ae-8ef7-3328b22e8604/content（在新标签页中打开）
  4. Norell, M. A., Clark, J. M., Chiappe, L. M. & Dashzeveg, D. (1995). A nesting dinosaur. Nature 378: 774-776. doi:10.1038/378774a0（在新标签页中打开）
  5. Norell, M. A., Clark, J. M., Dashzeveg, D., Barsbold, R., Chiappe, L. M., Davidson, A. R., McKenna, M. C., Perle, A. & Novacek, M. J. (1994). A theropod dinosaur embryo and the affinities of the Flaming Cliffs dinosaur eggs. Science 266: 779-782. doi:10.1126/science.266.5186.779（在新标签页中打开）
  6. Osborn, H. F. (1924). Three new Theropoda, Protoceratops zone, central Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 144: 1-12.
  7. Paul, G. S. (2016). The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs (2nd edition). Princeton University Press.