DinoDex
Dark theropod with a nasal horn and a row of small bony plates along its back, walking in side view
Life reconstruction of Ceratosaurus nasicornis.图片来源：Connor Ashbridge, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsCC BY 4.0来源（在新标签页中打开）

Ceratosaurus nasicornis

读音： seh-RAT-oh-SORE-us nay-zih-KOR-nis

Ceratosauria · Ceratosauridae

A horned predator from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation of the western United States, a smaller neighbour of Allosaurus with a blade-like horn on its nose, very long upper teeth and a row of small bony plates along its back.

  • Bipedal
  • Horned
  • Armored
对比
时代
侏罗纪· 钦莫利阶
食性
肉食性
体长
5.3–7 m
体重
418–670 kg
地点
Colorado, Utah, United States

快速问答

Ceratosaurus nasicornis有多大？
Ceratosaurus nasicornis体长约5.3–7 m。髋部高约1.6–2 m。体重约418–670 kg。 (Wikipedia: Ceratosaurus 2026; Paul 2016)
Ceratosaurus nasicornis生活在什么时候？
Ceratosaurus nasicornis生活在晚侏罗世，约1.522亿至1.451亿年前。 (Paleobiology Database: Ceratosaurus occurrences 2026)
在哪里发现过Ceratosaurus nasicornis的化石？
Ceratosaurus nasicornis的化石发现于Morrison Formation (Colorado)和United States。 (Marsh 1884; Paleobiology Database: Ceratosaurus occurrences 2026)
Ceratosaurus nasicornis吃什么？
Ceratosaurus nasicornis是肉食性。 (Marsh 1884; Paleobiology Database: Ceratosaurus occurrences 2026)
Ceratosaurus nasicornis由谁命名，何时命名？
Ceratosaurus nasicornis由Othniel Charles Marsh于1884年描述。 (Marsh 1884; Paleobiology Database: Ceratosaurus occurrences 2026)
Ceratosaurus nasicornis出现在《侏罗纪公园》里吗？
是的。Ceratosaurus nasicornis出现在《侏罗纪公园3》 (2001)中。电影有不少虚构成分；本页将其与化石证据进行了对比。 (Wikipedia: Dinosaurs in Jurassic Park 2026; Wikipedia: Ceratosaurus 2026)

本页内容

时代
侏罗纪152.2–145.1 Ma
食性
肉食性
体长
5.3–7 m
体重
0.4–0.7 t
产地
United States
分类
Ceratosauria · Ceratosauridae
命名
1884, Othniel Charles Marsh

概览

此内容目前仅提供英文版。

Ceratosaurus nasicornis lived in western North America in the Late Jurassic. Its type skeleton was dug up in 1883-1884 by the farmer Marshall Parker Felch at Garden Park, Colorado, and Othniel Charles Marsh named it in 1884. The skeleton is at the Smithsonian.

It was a medium-sized theropod, around 5 to 7 m long, with a crest-like horn on the snout, bony ridges over the eyes and remarkably long, blade-shaped teeth in the upper jaw. Unlike most theropods it had a row of small osteoderms along the midline of its back.

Ceratosaurus is also known from Utah and from the Lourinhã Formation of Portugal. Two further species named in 2000 are usually treated as the same species. Its closest relatives are the ceratosaurs of the southern continents, such as Carnotaurus.

名称含义

"Horned lizard", from Greek keras ("horn") and sauros ("lizard"); nasicornis, Latin for "nose horn" (Marsh 1884).

生物学与证据

科学家对这种动物生活方式的看法，以及每种观点的证据有多充分。

皮肤与体表覆盖

  • Ceratosaurus had a row of small bony plates along its back.

    证据等级：直接证据

    Small osteoderms are preserved along the midline, a feature unknown in most other theropods.

    支持 / 反对证据 · 1
    支持证据

    • 标本 · Ceratosaurus nasal horn and osteoderms

      A blade-like horn on the fused nasal bones (about 13 cm long in the holotype) and a row of small osteoderms along the back midline.

      标本： USNM 4735

行为

  • The nose horn of Ceratosaurus was used for display rather than fighting.

    证据等级：假说

    The horn is thin and blade-like, which suits display better than combat; its real use is unknown.

    支持 / 反对证据 · 1
    支持证据

    • 标本 · Ceratosaurus nasal horn and osteoderms

      A blade-like horn on the fused nasal bones (about 13 cm long in the holotype) and a row of small osteoderms along the back midline.

      标本： USNM 4735

体型

体长
5.3–7 m

（23 英尺）

依据 USNM 4735 (5.3-5.7 m); larger individuals about 7 m

身高
1.8 m文献范围 1.6–2 m

（5.9 英尺）

依据 USNM 4735 (holotype) to larger BYU material

体重
418–670 kg

依据 USNM 4735

Ceratosaurus nasicornis 体长约 7 米（23 英尺），约为身高 1.8 米的成年人的 3.9 倍。

时间线

生活在约 152.2 至 145.1 百万年前（Ma），属于中生代（252–66 Ma）。

时代： 钦莫利阶 (154.8–149.2 Ma), 提塘阶 (149.2–145 Ma), 晚侏罗世 (161.5–145 Ma)

Late Kimmeridgian-early Tithonian bounds of the type collection in PBDB (Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation).

产地

地层

地图数据：Natural Earth（公有领域）。显示的是现代位置，而非当时大陆的位置。

这些是发现化石的地点，而不是该动物生活的全部范围。

生态系统

生活于： Morrison

156–147 百万年前 · 泛滥平原, 河流水系, 疏林, 湖泊

A vast, seasonally dry floodplain crossed by rivers in the western interior of North America in the Late Jurassic, with a wet and a dry season, conifer and fern vegetation along the water and giant sauropods in abundance.

同一生态系统

Allosaurus fragilis

侏罗纪· 钦莫利阶肉食性

同一生态系统

Stegosaurus stenops

侏罗纪· 钦莫利阶植食性

同一生态系统

Brachiosaurus altithorax

侏罗纪· 钦莫利阶植食性

同一生态系统

Brontosaurus excelsus

侏罗纪· 钦莫利阶植食性

同一生态系统

Diplodocus carnegii

侏罗纪· 钦莫利阶植食性

同一生态系统

Apatosaurus ajax

侏罗纪· 钦莫利阶植食性

分类

  1. 演化支Dinosauria
  2. 演化支Saurischia
  3. 演化支Theropoda
  4. 演化支Neotheropoda
  5. 演化支Ceratosauria
  6. 科Ceratosauridae
  7. 属Ceratosaurus
  8. 种Ceratosaurus nasicornis

分类地位： 有效

化石记录

The Ceratosaurus nasicornis holotype USNM 4735, displayed as a wall mount at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.图片来源：José Maria Silveira Neto from Fortaleza, Brazil, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons (unmodified except resizing), Smithsonian National Museum of Natural HistoryCC BY-SA 2.0（未修改）来源（在新标签页中打开）
标本
编号类型收藏机构发现年份
USNM 4735正模标本National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (USNM)1883

已发现的部分

正模标本: USNM 4735

  • 保存
  • 部分保存
  • 复原
  • 未知 / 未记录
按部位查看（表格）
正模标本: USNM 4735 的骨骼部位
部位状态
Skull保存 · With the nasal horn.
Mandible未知 / 未记录
Teeth未知 / 未记录
Cervical vertebrae未知 / 未记录
Dorsal vertebrae未知 / 未记录
Sacrum未知 / 未记录
Caudal vertebrae未知 / 未记录
Ribs未知 / 未记录
Gastralia未知 / 未记录
Scapula / shoulder girdle未知 / 未记录
Humerus未知 / 未记录
Forearm (radius / ulna)未知 / 未记录
Hand (manus)未知 / 未记录
Pelvis未知 / 未记录
Femur未知 / 未记录
Tibia / fibula未知 / 未记录
Foot (pes)未知 / 未记录
Cast of a Ceratosaurus nasicornis skull at the American Museum of Natural History, showing the nasal horn and blade-like teeth.图片来源：Daderot, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons, American Museum of Natural HistoryCC0 1.0来源（在新标签页中打开）

图库

Historical reconstruction: Charles W. Gilmore's 1920 restoration of Ceratosaurus from his monograph on the carnivorous dinosaurs of the US National Museum.图片来源：Charles W. Gilmore, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons公有领域

全部标本

发现

命名年份
1884
命名者
Othniel Charles Marsh
模式标本
USNM 4735

发现时间线

  1. 1883 · 首次发现材料

    Felch excavates the Ceratosaurus skeleton

    The farmer Marshall Parker Felch digs the skeleton at Garden Park, Colorado, for Marsh (1883-1884).

    人物：Marshall P. Felch

  2. 1884 · 正式命名

    Marsh names Ceratosaurus nasicornis

    Marsh names the horned theropod in his series on American Jurassic dinosaurs.

    人物：Othniel Charles Marsh

《侏罗纪公园》与《侏罗纪世界》中的形象

电影

  • 侏罗纪公园3 (2001)

此内容目前仅提供英文版。

银幕形象

A brief appearance in Jurassic Park III.

电影与化石对比

  • Its nose horn and the bony horns over its eyes are genuine features of the skull.

电影名称仅用于识别。DinoDex 与《侏罗纪公园》/《侏罗纪世界》系列无任何关联，也未获其认可。 所有在电影中出现的恐龙

参考文献

  1. (2026). Paleobiology Database: Ceratosaurus occurrences. The Paleobiology Database (paleobiodb.org), data service 1.2, accessed 2026-09-23. https://paleobiodb.org/data1.2/occs/list.txt?base_name=Ceratosaurus&show=coords,paleoloc,strat,loc,ref&pgm=gplates（在新标签页中打开）
  2. (2026). Wikipedia: Ceratosaurus. Wikipedia (English), accessed 2026-09-23. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceratosaurus（在新标签页中打开）
  3. (2026). Wikipedia: Dinosaurs in Jurassic Park. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinosaurs_in_Jurassic_Park（在新标签页中打开）
  4. Marsh, O. C. (1884). Principal characters of American Jurassic dinosaurs. Part VIII. The order Theropoda. American Journal of Science, series 3, 27: 329-340. doi:10.2475/ajs.s3-27.160.329（在新标签页中打开）
  5. Paul, G. S. (2016). The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs (2nd edition). Princeton University Press.