
Gorgosaurus libratus
读音: GOR-goh-SORE-us lih-BRAH-tus
Coelurosauria · Tyrannosauridae
An 8 to 9 m tyrannosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta and Montana, the best-represented tyrannosaurid in the fossil record. A juvenile found with two young feathered dinosaurs in its stomach shows how its diet changed as it grew.
- Bipedal
- Apex predator
- 时代
- 白垩纪· 坎潘阶
- 食性
- 肉食性
- 体长
- 8–9 m
- 体重
- 2,000–3,000 kg
- 地点
- Alberta, Canada
快速问答
- Gorgosaurus libratus有多大?
- Gorgosaurus libratus体长约8–9 m。髋部高约2.3–2.8 m。体重约2–3 t。 (Wikipedia: Gorgosaurus 2026; Currie 2003)
- Gorgosaurus libratus生活在什么时候?
- Gorgosaurus libratus生活在晚白垩世,约7650万至7300万年前。 (Paleobiology Database: Gorgosaurus libratus t… 2026; Therrien et al. 2023)
- 在哪里发现过Gorgosaurus libratus的化石?
- Gorgosaurus libratus的化石发现于Dinosaur Park Formation (Alberta)和Canada。 (Lambe 1914; Currie 2003)
- Gorgosaurus libratus吃什么?
- Gorgosaurus libratus是肉食性。 (Lambe 1914; Currie 2003)
- Gorgosaurus libratus由谁命名,何时命名?
- Gorgosaurus libratus由Lawrence M. Lambe于1914年描述。 (Lambe 1914; Paleobiology Database: Gorgosaurus libratus t… 2026)
本页内容
GOR-goh-SORE-us lih-BRAH-tus
- 时代
- 白垩纪76.5–73 Ma
- 食性
- 肉食性
- 体长
- 8–9 m
- 体重
- 2–3 t
- 产地
- Canada
- 分类
- Coelurosauria · Tyrannosauridae
- 命名
- 1914, Lawrence M. Lambe
概览
此内容目前仅提供英文版。
Gorgosaurus libratus lived about 75 million years ago on the coastal floodplains of the Dinosaur Park Formation in Alberta, Canada, and in Montana. Charles M. Sternberg found a nearly complete skeleton on the Red Deer River in 1913, and Lawrence Lambe named it in 1914; it was the first tyrannosaurid found with a complete hand.
It was a close relative of Albertosaurus, lighter built than Tyrannosaurus, with long legs and tiny two-fingered arms. Dozens of skeletons of all ages make it the best-known tyrannosaurid, and some researchers treat it as a species of Albertosaurus.
A juvenile, 5 to 7 years old and about 335 kg, preserves the hind legs of two yearling Citipes, small oviraptorosaurs, in its stomach (Therrien et al. 2023). Young Gorgosaurus hunted small, young dinosaurs and only later switched to large herbivores such as hadrosaurs and ceratopsians.
名称含义
"Fierce lizard", from Greek gorgos ("terrible, fierce") and sauros; libratus, Latin for "balanced" (Lambe 1914).
生物学与证据
科学家对这种动物生活方式的看法,以及每种观点的证据有多充分。
进食
Young Gorgosaurus hunted small, young dinosaurs before switching to large herbivores.
证据等级:有力证据A juvenile's stomach holds only the legs of two yearling feathered theropods; the shift to megaherbivores probably began as individuals approached about 600 kg.
支持 / 反对证据 · 1
支持证据
标本 · Juvenile Gorgosaurus with Citipes stomach contents
Two dismembered yearling caenagnathids eaten in two separate meals by a 5-7-year-old, 335 kg Gorgosaurus.
标本: TMP 2009.12.14
生长
Gorgosaurus changed body proportions as it grew.
证据等级:有力证据Juveniles had narrow skulls, blade-like teeth and long slender legs; adults were more robust.
支持 / 反对证据 · 1
支持证据
标本 · Gorgosaurus growth series
Dozens of skeletons from juveniles to adults, the most complete growth series of any tyrannosaurid.
体型
- 体长
- 8–9 m
- 身高
- 2.5 m文献范围 2.3–2.8 m
- 体重
- 2,000–3,000 kg
(29.5 英尺)
(8.2 英尺)
依据 large adults (femur c. 1.0 m)
时间线
时代: 坎潘阶 (83.6–72.1 Ma), 晚白垩世 (100.5–66 Ma)
About 76.5-73 Ma for the genus (Wikipedia); the Dinosaur Park Formation juvenile is about 75.3 Ma (Therrien et al. 2023). PBDB bins the type collection as late Campanian (83.6-72.2 Ma).
产地
地层
- Dinosaur Park Formation · Alberta
- RTMP Quarry 36, Berry Creek, Red Deer River · Dinosaur Park Formation · Alberta · 位置为近似值
这些是发现化石的地点,而不是该动物生活的全部范围。
生态系统
生活于: Dinosaur Park
76.5–74.4 百万年前 · 泛滥平原, 沿海平原, 河流水系
Late Campanian alluvial and coastal plains on the western shore of the Western Interior Seaway, in what is now southern Alberta.
分类
- 演化支Dinosauria
- 演化支Saurischia
- 演化支Theropoda
- 演化支Coelurosauria
- 总科Tyrannosauroidea
- 科Tyrannosauridae
- 亚科Albertosaurinae
- 属Gorgosaurus
- 种Gorgosaurus libratus
分类地位: 有效
化石记录
| 编号 | 类型 | 收藏机构 | 发现年份 |
|---|---|---|---|
| CMN 2120 | 正模标本 | Canadian Museum of Nature (CMN) | 1913 |
| TMP 2009.12.14 | 归入标本 | Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology (TMP) | — |
已发现的部分
正模标本: CMN 2120
- 保存
- 部分保存
- 复原
- 未知 / 未记录
正模标本: CMN 2120
按部位查看(表格)
| 部位 | 状态 |
|---|---|
| Skull | 保存 |
| Mandible | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Teeth | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Cervical vertebrae | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Dorsal vertebrae | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Sacrum | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Caudal vertebrae | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Ribs | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Gastralia | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Scapula / shoulder girdle | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Humerus | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Forearm (radius / ulna) | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Hand (manus) | 保存 |
| Pelvis | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Femur | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Tibia / fibula | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Foot (pes) | 未知 / 未记录 |
归入标本: TMP 2009.12.14
按部位查看(表格)
| 部位 | 状态 |
|---|---|
| Skull | 保存 |
| Mandible | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Teeth | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Cervical vertebrae | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Dorsal vertebrae | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Sacrum | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Caudal vertebrae | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Ribs | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Gastralia | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Scapula / shoulder girdle | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Humerus | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Forearm (radius / ulna) | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Hand (manus) | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Pelvis | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Femur | 未知 / 未记录 |
| Tibia / fibula | 保存 |
| Foot (pes) | 未知 / 未记录 |
发现
- 命名年份
- 1914
- 命名者
- Lawrence M. Lambe
- 模式标本
- CMN 2120
发现时间线
1913 · 首次发现材料
Charles M. Sternberg finds the Gorgosaurus holotype
A nearly complete skeleton is found near Berry Creek on the Red Deer River.
人物:Charles M. Sternberg
1914 · 正式命名
Lambe names Gorgosaurus libratus
Named in The Ottawa Naturalist.
人物:Lawrence M. Lambe
2023 · 重要研究
Juvenile Gorgosaurus stomach contents described
Therrien and colleagues describe the first tyrannosaur with stomach contents in place.
人物:François Therrien, Darla K. Zelenitsky
参考文献
- (2026). Paleobiology Database: Gorgosaurus libratus type collection 11897. The Paleobiology Database (paleobiodb.org), data service 1.2, accessed 2026-09-23. https://paleobiodb.org/data1.2/colls/list.json?coll_id=11897&show=paleoloc,strat,loc,ref,geo&pgm=gplates&vocab=pbdb(在新标签页中打开)
- (2026). Wikipedia: Gorgosaurus. Wikipedia (English), accessed 2026-09-24. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorgosaurus(在新标签页中打开)
- Currie, P. J. (2003). Allometric growth in tyrannosaurids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of North America and Asia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 40: 651-665. doi:10.1139/e02-083(在新标签页中打开)
- Lambe, L. M. (1914). On the fore-limb of a carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, and a new genus of Ceratopsia from the same horizon, with remarks on the integument of some Cretaceous herbivorous dinosaurs. The Ottawa Naturalist 27(10): 129-135.
- Paul, G. S. (2016). The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs (2nd edition). Princeton University Press.
- Therrien, F., Zelenitsky, D. K., Tanaka, K., Voris, J. T., Erickson, G. M., Currie, P. J., DeBuhr, C. L. & Kobayashi, Y. (2023). Exceptionally preserved stomach contents of a young tyrannosaurid reveal an ontogenetic dietary shift in an iconic extinct predator. Science Advances 9: eadi0505. doi:10.1126/sciadv.adi0505(在新标签页中打开)