DinoDex
Brown horned dinosaur with a long nose horn and spikes around its frill, walking in side view
Life reconstruction of Styracosaurus albertensis.图片来源：Connor Ashbridge, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsCC BY 4.0来源（在新标签页中打开）

Styracosaurus albertensis

读音： sty-RAK-oh-SORE-us al-ber-TEN-sis

Ceratopsia · Ceratopsidae

A horned dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada, with a long nose horn and a crown of long spikes on its neck frill. About 5 to 5.5 m long, it browsed low plants on the coastal plains of the Dinosaur Park Formation.

  • Horned
  • Quadrupedal
对比
时代
白垩纪· 坎潘阶
食性
植食性
体长
5–5.5 m
体重
1,800–2,700 kg
地点
Alberta, Canada

快速问答

Styracosaurus albertensis有多大？
Styracosaurus albertensis体长约5–5.5 m。髋部高约1.8 m。体重约1.8–2.7 t。 (Wikipedia: Styracosaurus 2026)
Styracosaurus albertensis生活在什么时候？
Styracosaurus albertensis生活在晚白垩世，约7580万至7510万年前。 (Paleobiology Database: Styracosaurus alberten… 2026; Eberth et al. 2023)
在哪里发现过Styracosaurus albertensis的化石？
Styracosaurus albertensis的化石发现于Dinosaur Park Formation (Alberta)和Canada。 (Lambe 1913; Ryan et al. 2007)
Styracosaurus albertensis吃什么？
Styracosaurus albertensis是植食性。 (Lambe 1913; Ryan et al. 2007)
Styracosaurus albertensis由谁命名，何时命名？
Styracosaurus albertensis由Lawrence M. Lambe于1913年描述。 (Lambe 1913; Paleobiology Database: Styracosaurus alberten… 2026)

本页内容

时代
白垩纪75.8–75.1 Ma
食性
植食性
体长
5–5.5 m
体重
1.8–2.7 t
产地
Canada
分类
Ceratopsia · Ceratopsidae
命名
1913, Lawrence M. Lambe

概览

此内容目前仅提供英文版。

Styracosaurus albertensis lived about 75 million years ago on the coastal plains of what is now southern Alberta, Canada. Charles H. Sternberg found its first skull on the Red Deer River in 1913, and Lawrence Lambe named it the same year; the rest of the skeleton was dug out of the same quarry in 1935.

It was a centrosaurine ceratopsid, a relative of Centrosaurus and more distantly of Triceratops, with a single long nose horn, small brow horns and four to six long spikes along the back of its frill. A subadult skull described by Brown, Holmes and Currie (2020) shows that the frill spikes grew much longer and thicker as the animal matured, while their position stayed the same.

Its beak and rows of shearing cheek teeth were suited to slicing tough plants. Styracosaurus is relatively rare in the Dinosaur Park Formation, where it lived alongside other horned dinosaurs, duck-billed hadrosaurs and tyrannosaurs such as Gorgosaurus.

名称含义

"Spiked lizard", from Greek styrax (the spike at the butt of a spear) and sauros; albertensis for the province of Alberta (Lambe 1913).

生物学与证据

科学家对这种动物生活方式的看法，以及每种观点的证据有多充分。

生长

  • The frill spikes of Styracosaurus grew much longer as it matured.

    证据等级：有力证据

    Young skulls have short, flat, triangular spikes; in adults they are long and thick, while their position on the frill stays the same.

    支持 / 反对证据 · 1
    支持证据

    • 标本 · Subadult Styracosaurus skull and growth series

      A complete skull of the smallest known Styracosaurus (about 80% adult size) compared with adult skulls and bonebed material: the parietal spikes lengthen and thicken through growth but keep their position.

行为

  • The horns and frill of Styracosaurus were used mainly for display.

    证据等级：假说

    Their late growth and variability fit signalling to other Styracosaurus; defence and combat have also been proposed.

    支持 / 反对证据 · 1
    支持证据

    • 标本 · Subadult Styracosaurus skull and growth series

      A complete skull of the smallest known Styracosaurus (about 80% adult size) compared with adult skulls and bonebed material: the parietal spikes lengthen and thicken through growth but keep their position.

社会生活

  • Styracosaurus lived in herds.

    证据等级：假说

    Bonebeds of several individuals suggest group living, as in other centrosaurines, but they can also form by other causes.

    支持 / 反对证据 · 1
    支持证据

    • 标本 · Styracosaurus bonebed

      A bonebed with remains of several individuals in the Dinosaur Park Formation.

体型

体长
5–5.5 m

（18 英尺）

身高
1.8 m

（5.9 英尺）

体重
1,800–2,700 kg
Styracosaurus albertensis 体长约 5.5 米（18 英尺），约为身高 1.8 米的成年人的 3.1 倍。

时间线

生活在约 75.8 至 75.1 百万年前（Ma），属于中生代（252–66 Ma）。

时代： 坎潘阶 (83.6–72.1 Ma), 晚白垩世 (100.5–66 Ma)

Prosaurolophus maximus-Styracosaurus albertensis assemblage zone of the Dinosaur Park Formation, 75.77-75.10 Ma (U-Pb age model, Eberth et al. 2023); the Onefour specimens fall within the same range. The whole formation spans 76.47-74.44 Ma.

产地

地层

地图数据：Natural Earth（公有领域）。显示的是现代位置，而非当时大陆的位置。

这些是发现化石的地点，而不是该动物生活的全部范围。

生态系统

生活于： Dinosaur Park

76.5–74.4 百万年前 · 泛滥平原, 沿海平原, 河流水系

Late Campanian alluvial and coastal plains on the western shore of the Western Interior Seaway, in what is now southern Alberta.

同一生态系统

Parasaurolophus walkeri

白垩纪· 坎潘阶植食性

同一生态系统

Troodon formosus

白垩纪· 坎潘阶肉食性杂食性

同一生态系统

Gorgosaurus libratus

白垩纪· 坎潘阶肉食性

分类

  1. 演化支Dinosauria
  2. 演化支Ornithischia
  3. 演化支Ceratopsia
  4. 科Ceratopsidae
  5. 亚科Centrosaurinae
  6. 属Styracosaurus
  7. 种Styracosaurus albertensis

分类地位： 有效

化石记录

Styracosaurus albertensis mount incorporating a cast of the holotype CMN 344, at the Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa.图片来源：Neil Pezzoni, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons, Canadian Museum of NatureCC BY 4.0来源（在新标签页中打开）
标本
编号类型收藏机构发现年份
CMN 344正模标本Canadian Museum of Nature (CMN)1913

已发现的部分

正模标本: CMN 344

  • 保存
  • 部分保存
  • 复原
  • 未知 / 未记录
按部位查看（表格）
正模标本: CMN 344 的骨骼部位
部位状态
Skull保存
Mandible保存
Teeth未知 / 未记录
Cervical vertebrae未知 / 未记录
Dorsal vertebrae未知 / 未记录
Sacrum未知 / 未记录
Caudal vertebrae未知 / 未记录
Ribs未知 / 未记录
Gastralia未知 / 未记录
Scapula / shoulder girdle未知 / 未记录
Humerus未知 / 未记录
Forearm (radius / ulna)未知 / 未记录
Hand (manus)未知 / 未记录
Pelvis未知 / 未记录
Femur未知 / 未记录
Tibia / fibula未知 / 未记录
Foot (pes)未知 / 未记录
Left lateral view of the skull and lower jaws of Styracosaurus albertensis AMNH 5372 at the American Museum of Natural History.图片来源：WehaveaTrex, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons (unmodified except resizing), American Museum of Natural HistoryCC BY-SA 4.0（未修改）来源（在新标签页中打开）

全部标本

发现

命名年份
1913
命名者
Lawrence M. Lambe
模式标本
CMN 344

发现时间线

  1. 1913 · 正式命名

    Lambe names Styracosaurus albertensis

    Lawrence Lambe names the "spiked lizard" in The Ottawa Naturalist.

    人物：Lawrence M. Lambe

  2. 1913 · 首次发现材料

    Charles H. Sternberg finds the Styracosaurus skull

    A nearly complete skull is found on the Red Deer River during a Geological Survey of Canada expedition.

    人物：Charles H. Sternberg

  3. 1935 · 标本出土

    Rest of the Styracosaurus type skeleton excavated

    Levi Sternberg returns to the quarry and collects the lower jaw and skeleton of the same individual.

    人物：Levi Sternberg

  4. 2020 · 重要研究

    Subadult Styracosaurus described

    Brown, Holmes and Currie describe the smallest known Styracosaurus and its growth.

    人物：Caleb M. Brown

参考文献

  1. (2026). Paleobiology Database: Styracosaurus albertensis occurrences and type collection 52487. The Paleobiology Database (paleobiodb.org), data service 1.2, accessed 2026-09-23. https://paleobiodb.org/data1.2/occs/list.txt?taxon_name=Styracosaurus%20albertensis&show=coords,paleoloc,strat,loc,ref&pgm=gplates（在新标签页中打开）
  2. (2026). Wikipedia: Styracosaurus. Wikipedia (English), accessed 2026-09-24. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Styracosaurus（在新标签页中打开）
  3. Brown, C. M., Holmes, R. & Currie, P. J. (2020). A subadult individual of Styracosaurus albertensis (Ornithischia: Ceratopsidae) with comments on ontogeny and intraspecific variation in Styracosaurus. Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology 8: 67-95. doi:10.18435/vamp29361（在新标签页中打开）
  4. Eberth, D. A., Evans, D. C., Ramezani, J., Kamo, S. L., Brown, C. M., Currie, P. J. & Braman, D. R. (2023). Calibrating geologic strata, dinosaurs, and other fossils at Dinosaur Provincial Park (Alberta, Canada) using a new CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb geochronology. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. doi:10.1139/cjes-2023-0037（在新标签页中打开）
  5. Lambe, L. M. (1913). A new genus and species of Ceratopsia from the Belly River Formation of Alberta. The Ottawa Naturalist 27(9): 109-116.
  6. Ryan, M. J., Holmes, R. & Russell, A. P. (2007). A revision of the late Campanian centrosaurine ceratopsid genus Styracosaurus from the Western Interior of North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27: 944-962. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[944:AROTLC]2.0.CO;2（在新标签页中打开）